Citrus Trees and Root Problems
- Citrus trees originate from tropical areas and are prone to severe damage by frost or cold weather. Prime locations for growing citrus in the United States are found along the Gulf Coast, Florida, Arizona and California. These areas provide the sunlight, warmth and soil required to thrive. Regular pruning is not required with most citrus trees, although private growers may find trimming the top and hedging the sides beneficial to growth. Frost control is very important, as even a slight frost can irreparably damage citrus trees. A variety of fans and heaters may be used to protect against a dip in the temperature.
- Citrus-bearing trees must have basic soil, water and nutritional needs met to thrive and produce well. Loam-type soil is ideal and should be kept loose to allow proper drainage. Nutrient-rich and slightly acidic soil is essential to fruit growth. Growers can amend soil that's too alkaline with Canadian peat, sand or powdered sulfur to meet this need. It is important to protect roots with a layer of manure or mulch since the roots are shallow and remain close to the surface.
- Root rot is a fungal disease that affects just about every type of citrus tree across the country. It is the result of soil-borne pathogens, most commonly Phytophthora, Pythium or Rhizoctonia. Early stages of the disease appear as brown patches on the bark of the tree, which may ooze a viscous fluid. As the disease progresses, the spots grow and the bark dries out, leading to tree death. Obvious initial signs are fruit discoloration, leaf yellowing and dieback of foliage. Root rot can become a problem when the soil becomes saturated after hard rains or flooding. These conditions permit excessive growth of the bacteria, which can then lead to contamination of the roots. Prompt removal of fallen leaves of fruit and timely application of fungicides helps reduce the risk of root rot.
- Root-bound plants occur most commonly in container-grown plants and citrus trees, but may also affect the health and growth of larger species of citrus trees. This is a condition where roots have grown into all available space and will ultimately stunt the growth and production of the plant. This problem may arise if soil is too compacted or citrus trees are planted too closely together. This gradual lack of growth continues until roots are given more space or soil is loosened, even if other growing conditions are ideal. Ensure trees are spaced according to plant instructions.
