Geriatric Depression Score
- The Geriatric Depression Scale is a self-report assessment consisting of 30 questions that are designed to identify depression in senior citizens. The questions have yes or no answers, which is considered the easiest format. It is typically used as a part of a comprehensive geriatric assessment.
- One point is assigned to each question, and when a senior answers a question "no," a point is assigned. If the senior answers "yes," no point is assigned. A score of 0 to 9 is considered normal; a score of 10 to 19 indicates mild depression; a score over 20 suggests severe depression. The highest number a person can score is 30. The Geriatric Depression Scale, however, is not typically the only indicator in diagnosing depression. It is part of a comprehensive assessment.
- The CGA is a long, expensive process that involves a large team of professionals, including doctors, nurses, social workers and psychologists. This assessment looks at the elderly individual's overall physical health and his functional status (the functions of day-to-day living), which includes self-care, managing household responsibilities, and mobility. The professionals assess whether or not the person is able to transfer, which basically means getting up from a seated position in a chair, to test the person's lower leg strength. His walking and balance are assessed, as is his vision, hearing and memory. The team also evaluates whether or not the individual is receiving proper nutrition.
- A social assessment is done to determine what, if any, support system the individual has in her life. It evaluates whether or not the patient needs a caregiver, and makes sure the patient is not a victim of elder abuse. The patient's financial status is also assessed. The team conducting the assessment uses all of this information to determine the patient's quality of life, and how it might be improved upon.
- Depression is not considered a normal part of aging. It is as much of a disease in the geriatric population as it is in the general population, and help is available. Antidepressant medication can be used to improve and regulate a chemical imbalance in the brain. Psychotherapy is another option, and this form of treatment can be helpful if dealing with the losses, fears and uncertainties that come with aging.
