Passport a Must

• Photos are a must, too.
  
  All U.S. citizens traveling overseas, including children, need valid passports. First-time passport applicants must apply in person at post offices, public libraries or other governmental offices with proof of identity and two passport photos, while holders of expired passports may apply for renewal in person or by mail with the old passport and new photos.
  
  

Where to Get One

• A little waiting is usually involved.
  
  Information about U.S. State Department-approved places is available directly from the State Department or travel agents, along with current fees. Fees tend to go up every few years. Businesses that specialize in obtaining passports can save time, but they will charge a fee on top of the government fees.
  
  

Brazilian Visa a Must

• Brazil requires U.S. citizens to obtain a visa or special permission stamp in your passport before arrival in the country. The Brazilian authorities may deny your visa application if your passport does not have at least six months' remaining validity and at least one full blank page.
  
  

Brazilian Tourist Visas

• There are currently 10 kinds of Brazilian visas, but the one of interest to tourists is known as VITUR. Such visas must be used within 90 days of the date of issue and are good for entering the country more than once, for a total stay of no more than 90 days. Visas can be extended for another 90 days once you are in Brazil.
  
  

Obtaining a Brazilian Visa

• You can obtain a Brazilian visa in person in the United States from a Brazilian consulate or you can apply by mail. Brazil requires a U.S. passport, two passport photos, and often documentation of your travel plans--such as a photocopy of your airline tickets--for a VITUR visa.
  
  

It Takes a Little Time and Money

• The latest information on visa fees and other requirements is available from a Brazilian consulate or a travel agent. According the Brazilian government, those applying in person will receive their visas in a week; by mail, two weeks. Allow extra time on top of that. Companies that specialize in obtaining a Brazilian visa for you may save time but will add to your cost.