Here are the names and formulas of some of the common acids and bases.

Binary Acids
A binary compound consists of two elements. Binary acids have the prefix hydro in front of the full name of the nonmetallic element. They have the ending -ic. Examples include hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acid.

Hydrofluoric Acid - HF
Hydrochloric Acid - HCl
Hydrobromic Acid - HBr
Hydroiodic Acid - HI
Hydrosulfuric Acid - H₂S

Ternary Acids
Ternary acids commonly contain hydrogen, a nonmetal, and oxygen. The name of the most common form of the acid consists of the nonmetal root name with the -ic ending, The acid containing one less oxygen atom than the most common form is designated by the -ous ending. An acid containing one less oxygen atom than the -ous acid has the prefix hypo- and the -ous ending. The acid containing one more oxygen than the most common acid has the per- prefix and the -ic ending.

Nitric Acid - HNO₃
Nitrous Acid - HNO₂
Hypochlorous Acid - HClO
Chlorous Acid - HClO₂
Chloric Acid - HClO₃
Perchloric Acid - HClO₄
Sulfuric Acid - H₂SO₄
Sulfurous Acid - H₂SO₃
Phosphoric Acid - H₃PO₄
Phosphorous Acid - H₃PO₃
Carbonic Acid - H₂CO₃
Acetic Acid - HC₂H₃O₂
Oxalic Acid - H₂C₂O₄
Boric Acid - H₃BO₃
Silicic Acid - H₂SiO₃

Bases

Sodium Hydroxide - NaOH
Potassium Hydroxide - KOH
Ammonium Hydroxide - NH₄OH
Calcium Hydroxide - Ca(OH)₂
Magnesium Hydroxide - Mg(OH)₂
Barium Hydroxide - Ba(OH)₂
Aluminum Hydroxide - Al(OH)₃
Ferrous Hydroxide or Iron (II) Hydroxide - Fe(OH)₂
Ferric Hydroxide or Iron (III) Hydroxide - Fe(OH)₃
Zinc Hydroxide - Zn(OH)₂
Lithium Hydroxide - LiOH